Macerating Toilet Vs Vacuum Marine Toilets

Macerating Toilet Vs Vacuum Marine Toilets

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Macerating Toilet vs.Vacuum Marine Toilet

There are several beliefs in marine market about vacuum and Macerating Toilets. Some of these beliefs are true and some are myth.

Let us look at the how both technique satisfy basic toilet engineering functions:

Evacuation of all solids and liquid in one flush:

Vacuum toilet: Stored vacuum is applied to the bowl by opening a valve by paddle or electric. Pressure differential between atmosphere and vacuum pushes water and solids towards the cavity behind the valve. Bowl evacuates quickly in 2 to 3 seconds. As soon as air enters the bowl throat, vacuum drops rapidly. This evacuation technique make a loud noise associated with sudden pressure changes and reduced pipe sizes.

When user closes the valve, suction of the diaphragm vacuum pump is applied to the content of the cavity below valve. Solids and water and air start to move towards pump thru long hose between bowl and pump.

Pressure differential between atmosphere and vacuum accelerate water and solids during initial application of vacuum. Water and air move more rapidly than solids. In order to further accelerate water and solids pipe size is reduced after valve cavity. This sudden change in volume causes more velocity for water and solids and some breakdown of solid from bigger chunk to smaller chunk. After the valve is closed, suction of the vacuum pump moves air and water towards the pump faster than solids. Hence due to lack of positive pressure and water, there is a tendency for solids to splatter on the walls of hose and stay there till next flush.

Once suction of the pump had displaced all the air from hose and valve cavity to builds a preset vacuum level, pumps shuts off. This means pumps continue to run for 45 to 60 seconds after toilet use with typical diaphragm noise. If there is any slight leak in the hose connection or debris caught between valve seat and bowl throat, pump will turn on itself as vacuum drops. This may be an annoying if it happens in the night time.

Due to vacuum, spattered sewage on the hose wall is decomposing under anaerobic environment. Anaerobic odors include a wide range of compounds, most notoriously the reduced sulfur compounds (e.g. hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, and methanethiol), volatile fatty acids, aromatic compounds and amines.

Since system is under vacuum, it is unlikely that these odor producing gases escape thru hose. However these odors may be a problem at discharge side of the vacuum pump or during the flush cycle when vacuum level drops to almost zero. Due to notorious sulfur odors, some manufacturers only recommend special odor resistance hose for their vacuum system, increasing cost.

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